Ok, so one of my wisdom teeth is ( i think, anyway) impacted, and this acts up on occasion. I don't know if it's because the tooth has "growth spurts" (it hurt at some point, then it stopped for several months, and it hurts again, but i'm not sure if it's growing, or if it's infected). It's partially erupted (as opposed to horizontally located completely within the jaw).

Anyway, my general question is, since I won't be able to see a dentist in some weeks, to have it extracted, will waiting a couple of weeks cause permanent damage? Like, will it try to grow, and break the next molar in its attempt or something, or will it realize it can't exactly push through?

It's really annoying, the pain spread a little bit towards the back of the jaw as well, so one of my tonsils is swollen, and I can't open my mouth fully without the pain. Also, swallowing is kinda painful too...

Also, I read rinsing with warm salt water helps. How does this work, what's the best way to do it? (frequency, etc.)

thats kinda an unanwserable question.....
You should definately go get a check up by a dentist there cheap and he'll give you an overall evaluation. It could smack your second molar but if it breaks it will probaly be cosmetic and a filling will work. If your only in pain every couple month, I would think a couple weeks shouldnt hurt. But if something bad was happening you would be more likely to have constant pressure or severe pain
Go get a check up
Good luck