those Vitamin E "case studies" are very deceptive. I believe they are only an attempt by the FDA to get people from taking the good stuff, and switching to patentable drugs. Do your own research before taking supplements.

They certainly were questionable, partly because they involved meta-analyses of other studies, which vary all over the lot in how they are conducted, and in bias. In other words, it was not a direct study of Vitamin E, but a study of studies. Out of about 651 studies, they excluded all but 68. They also excluded any study where no one had died. So if Vitamin E had say, prevented someone from dying in a study where no one else died, it wouldn't have mattered statistically because the study was already excluded. Also they mostly looked at studies of very old, sick people, e.g., people between 80 and 100 years old. Naturally if you have cancer or heart disease already, it is difficult for Vitamin E to prevent it, as it is a nutrient, not a drug. Furthermore, people who have serious diseases like that, depending on how scared they are, tend sometimes to take too much. So you might have had some people adversely affecting their health by taking 2,000 I.U., of Vitamin E a day, for example, which is not really fair, if the bottle says to take only one pill at 400 I.U. It's not the fault of the Vitamin if people take too much of it. I read a report from an M.D. who looked at these studies and determined that up to 800 I.U. of Vitamin E a day was OK. I take 400 I.U., and I think that is way better for my health than not taking any Vitamin E supplement at all. I don't think any study has or can demonstrate that taking a 400 I.U. Vitamin E pill is bad for you, especially when, for example, some studies have indicated that men who take Vitamin E supplements reduce their risk of getting prostate cancer. [The ATBC study discovered "a 32% reduction in prostate cancer incidence in response to daily Vitamin E supplementation."] Studies have shown many other likely benefits, related for example to brain function and to the blood, of taking Vitamin E. I also eat a lot of vegetables and exercise.

One more thing: Almost all medical studies of Vitamin E have used only the d-Alpha Tocopherol form of Vitamin E, not natural Vitamin E (which has the complete tocopherols). But nowadays, most manufacturers are also selling natural Vitamin E supplements, not just the d-Alpha type, and the natural type is what I take. I really think these studies are irrelevant once you know what you are doing and what type of Vitamin E to take. Those studies are obsolete, so what are they proving by analyzing them???