Hi!
How long have you worked? I ask because I get the impression you might be young. If you haven't worked enough years or have enough credits you won't qualify for SSD, but you will qualify for SSI, tho the benefit isn't much. If you are young, you may qualify for benefits under your mom's SS, but I don't know what the exact qualifications are. Have you heard anything from SSD yet? Because they will advise you if you qualify, of course.
Assuming you have worked and qualify, no, you don't need a dr.'s OK. However, it helps if a dr. believes you are disabled, of course. SSD will request all your medical and psychological records and they will determine if you are disabled. If they have any doubts or need more info, they will send you for independent testing and then make their decision. If you can't work, you can't work...and actually, if you continue to work it may hurt your case more.
Sorry, I don't know fmla is, but I DO know that your Pdoc has no business screaming at you! Jeez!!
I'm reallllly sorry about your mom. *hugs* Good luck to you!
Char