The current diagnosis that most closely resembles the traditional nervous breakdown is "Major Depressive Episode," in which, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a person may experience "loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities" and "sustained fatigue without physical exertion." (The first DSM, published in 1952, called nervous breakdowns "psychophysiologic nervous system reactions.") Peter Kramer, a professor of psychiatry at Brown University and author of "Listening to Prozac," laments the "hyperdiagnostic" phase the field is now going through. "Maybe it's just something like having the circuits overload, and it doesn't matter how you get there," he says.
I can't remember what site I got this from, but it seems to be pretty accurate.
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