The results of the CT scan indicate some abnormalities, but not the degree to which they have progressed, so no comment on those beyond definitions. The aorta is the huge blood vessel that comes out of the heart, then it turns downward and goes along the back wall of the abdomen down into the pelvis. Atherosclerotic means that there are some fatty deposits along the walls of the artery, and the calcified means that it's hardening a bit. The fatty liver means that there are fat deposits in the liver. Again, remember that these are just basic definitions of these conditions, and the treatment, if any, is based on severity, risk factors for disease, and many other factors.
The stuff about the kidneys is not a disease process, but a deformity that has been present since birth. I don't know enough about this to say whether this deformity is harmful in any way, which it is very possible that it is not. Again, your doctor will have to comment on that. Basically what it is saying is that the kidneys are doubled, and that instead of one tube (ureter) going from each kidney to the bladder, there are two tubes for a while, and then they meet before going into the bladder. Bilateral means "both sides" so it just means that the same thing is present in both of the kidneys.
So that's what those big long words mean. Any interpretation is up to your doc. Good luck.