Hi G8r4evr
I think this would be "invasive"

(transvaginal is the word, I believe)... but from my experience (I had this done together with my Pap test appt) it does not hurt nor is it uncomfortable...
Yes, typically they would check the size and shape of uterus, lining, check if you've ovulated (depending on which day in your cycle it is), check both ovaries etc.
Before/after the Ultrasound (I can't remember which), the Doc may also press your abdomen (from outside of course!) to check for any swollen organs etc.
They would typically give you a print out of your ultrasound with a typed up report... remember to go through the report with your doc to decipher any "doctor language" stuff... else like me, you may end up worrying about stuff that actually means "normal" in "doctor language"
Good luck and keep us posted!!!